Ecology Mind Map

Ecology

Adaptations and interdependence
- Levels of organisation
  - Organism
  - Population
  - Community
  - Ecosystem
- Competition
  - Plants: light, space, water, ions
  - Animals: food, mates, territory
- Interdependence
  - Stable community
- Abiotic factors
  - Light
  - Temperature
  - Moisture
  - Soil pH and minerals
- Biotic factors
  - Food
  - New predators
  - New pathogens
  - Outcompeted
- Adaptations
  - Structural
  - Behavioural
  - Functional
  - Extremophiles
Organisation of an ecosystem
- Food chains
  - Producer
  - Primary consumer
  - Predator and prey
- Sampling
  - Quadrats
  - Transects
  - Mean, mode, median
- Predator-prey cycles
  - Prey peaks first
- Carbon cycle
  - Photosynthesis
  - Respiration
  - Decay
- Water cycle
  - Evaporation
  - Precipitation
- Microorganisms
  - Return carbon dioxide
  - Return mineral ions
- Decomposition Triple only
  - Temperature
  - Water
  - Oxygen
  - Compost and biogas
- Environmental change Triple onlyHigher tier
  - Temperature
  - Water
  - Atmospheric gases
Biodiversity and humans
- Biodiversity
  - Variety of species
  - Stability
- Waste and pollution
  - Water
  - Air
  - Land
- Land use
  - Building
  - Quarrying
  - Farming
  - Peat bogs
- Deforestation
  - Cattle and rice
  - Biofuels
- Global warming
  - Carbon dioxide
  - Methane
  - Habitat loss
- Maintaining biodiversity
  - Breeding programmes
  - Protect habitats
  - Hedgerows
  - Recycling
Trophic levelsTriple only
- Trophic levels Triple only
  - Producers
  - Primary consumers
  - Secondary
  - Tertiary
- Apex predator Triple only
- Decomposers Triple only
  - Secrete enzymes
  - Molecules diffuse in
- Pyramids of biomass Triple only
- Transfer of biomass Triple only
  - 1% of light energy
  - 10% to next level
- Biomass losses Triple only
  - Faeces
  - Respiration
  - Urine
- Efficiency calculation Triple only
Food productionTriple only
- Food security Triple only
  - Birth rate
  - Pests and pathogens
  - Conflict
- Farming techniques Triple only
  - Limit movement
  - Control temperature
  - High protein feed
- Sustainable fisheries Triple only
  - Net size
  - Quotas
- Mycoprotein Triple only
  - Fusarium
  - Glucose syrup
- GM bacteria and crops Triple only
  - Insulin
  - Golden rice