Homeostasis and Response Mind Map

Homeostasis and response

Homeostasis
- Regulates internal conditions
  - optimum for enzymes
  - all cell functions
- Conditions controlled
  - blood glucose
  - body temperature
  - water levels
- Receptors
  - detect stimuli
- Coordination centres
  - brain
  - spinal cord
  - pancreas
- Effectors
  - muscles
  - glands
Nervous system
- CNS: brain and spinal cord
  - electrical impulses
  - neurones
- Reflex arc
  - sensory neurone
  - relay neurone
  - synapse
  - motor neurone
- Reflex actions
  - automatic
  - rapid
  - protect from harm
- Reaction time practical
  - ruler drop
  - repeat and mean
- Brain Triple only
  - cerebral cortex
  - cerebellum
  - medulla
- Studying the brain Triple onlyHigher tier
  - brain damage patients
  - electrical stimulation
  - MRI scanning
  - complex and delicate
- Eye Triple only
  - structures
  - accommodation
  - dim light
  - myopia and hyperopia
- Body temperature Triple only
  - thermoregulatory centre
  - vasodilation, sweating
  - vasoconstriction, shivering
Hormones
- Endocrine system
  - glands
  - blood
  - target organ
  - pituitary master gland
- Blood glucose
  - pancreas
  - insulin
  - glycogen
  - Type 1 and Type 2
- Water and nitrogen balance Triple only
  - lungs, skin, kidneys
  - filtration, reabsorption
  - dialysis or transplant
- ADH and urea Triple onlyHigher tier
  - ADH from pituitary
  - tubules more permeable
  - deamination in liver
  - ammonia to urea
- Reproductive hormones
  - oestrogen
  - testosterone
  - FSH and LH
  - progesterone
- Contraception
  - hormonal
  - barrier
  - IUD
  - sterilisation
- Infertility treatment Higher tier
  - FSH and LH
  - IVF
- Glucagon, adrenaline, thyroxine Higher tier
  - glucagon: glycogen to glucose
  - adrenaline: flight or fight
  - thyroxine: metabolic rate
  - negative feedback
Plant hormonesTriple only
- Auxin Triple only
  - unequal distribution
  - unequal growth
- Phototropism Triple only
  - shoot bends to light
  - auxin on shaded side
- Gravitropism Triple only
  - roots down
  - shoots up
- Required practical Triple only
  - seedlings
  - lengths and drawings
- Gibberellins and ethene Triple onlyHigher tier
  - germination
  - ripening
- Commercial uses Triple onlyHigher tier
  - weed killers
  - rooting powder
  - fruit size

Homeostasis and response mind map