Cell biology
- Cell structure
- Eukaryotes and prokaryotes
- Nucleus or not
- Single DNA loop
- Plasmids
- Much smaller bacteria
- Sub-cellular structures
- Nucleus
- Mitochondria
- Chloroplasts
- Cell wall
- Specialised cells
- Sperm, nerve, muscle
- Root hair, xylem, phloem
- Differentiation
- Microscopy
- Light microscope
- Electron microscope
- Magnification equation
- Standard form
- Required practical 1
- Slide and cover slip
- Low power first
- Drawing and scale
- Eukaryotes and prokaryotes
- Cell division
- Chromosomes
- Made of DNA
- Many genes
- Pairs
- Cell cycle
- Growth and DNA copying
- Mitosis
- Cytoplasm divides
- Mitosis
- Two identical cells
- Growth and development
- Repair and replacement
- Stem cells
- Embryos
- Adult bone marrow
- Meristems in plants
- Stem cell treatment
- Diabetes, paralysis
- Therapeutic cloning
- Viral infection risk
- Ethical objections
- Plant cloning
- Rare species
- Disease-resistant crops
- Chromosomes
- Transport in cells
- Diffusion
- High to low concentration
- Oxygen, carbon dioxide, urea
- Rate of diffusion
- Concentration gradient
- Temperature
- Surface area
- Surface area to volume ratio
- Large in single cells
- Small in large organisms
- Exchange surfaces
- Large surface area
- Thin membrane
- Blood supply
- Ventilation
- Osmosis
- Water only
- Partially permeable membrane
- Practical: mass of plant tissue
- Active transport
- Against the gradient
- Energy from respiration
- Root hairs, gut
- Diffusion