Ecosystems and material cycles
- Communities
- Levels of organisation
- Organism
- Population
- Community
- Ecosystem
- Abiotic factors
- Temperature
- Light
- Water
- Pollutants
- Biotic factors
- Competition
- Predation
- Interdependence
- Food
- Shelter
- Pollination
- Parasitism
- Parasite benefits
- Host harmed
- Mutualism
- Both benefit
- Root nodule bacteria
- Levels of organisation
- Fieldwork
- Quadrats
- Random placement
- Count or percentage cover
- Belt transect
- Regular intervals
- Environmental gradient
- Measure factors
- Light meter
- Moisture meter
- Estimate population
- Mean per quadrat
- Scale up to area
- Reliability
- Many quadrats
- Mean
- Quadrats
- Human impacts
- Fish farming
- Food supply
- Waste pollution
- Disease spread
- Non-indigenous species
- Out-compete natives
- Reduce biodiversity
- Eutrophication
- Nitrates in
- Algal bloom
- Oxygen falls
- Fish die
- Benefits of biodiversity
- Stable ecosystems
- Food and medicines
- Conservation
- Protect habitats
- Captive breeding
- Reforestation
- Habitats
- Absorbs CO₂
- Less erosion
- Fish farming
- Material cycles
- Cycling of materials
- Abiotic to biotic
- Decomposers return
- Carbon cycle
- Photosynthesis
- Respiration
- Decay
- Combustion
- Decomposers
- Bacteria
- Fungi
- Water cycle
- Evaporation
- Transpiration
- Condensation
- Precipitation
- Potable water
- Safe to drink
- Desalination
- Nitrogen cycle
- Nitrogen fixation
- Nitrification
- Denitrification
- Decay
- Replacing nitrates
- Fertilisers
- Crop rotation
- Cycling of materials