Human nutrition
- Diet
- Balanced diet
- All nutrients
- Correct proportions
- Right energy
- Carbohydrates, fats, protein
- Energy
- Insulation and store
- Growth and repair
- Vitamins C and D
- C: skin and gums
- D: absorbs calcium
- Calcium and iron
- Bones and teeth
- Haemoglobin
- Fibre and water
- Bulk, no constipation
- Solvent for reactions
- Deficiency diseases
- Scurvy: vitamin C
- Rickets: vitamin D or calcium
- Balanced diet
- Digestive system
- Alimentary canal
- Mouth, oesophagus, stomach
- Duodenum, ileum
- Colon, rectum, anus
- Associated organs
- Salivary glands
- Pancreas
- Liver
- Gall bladder
- Five processes
- Ingestion, digestion
- Absorption
- Assimilation
- Egestion
- Teeth
- Incisors cut
- Canines tear
- Premolars and molars crush
- Enamel, dentine, pulp, cement
- Stomach
- Churns food
- Hydrochloric acid
- Bile Supplement
- Emulsifies fats
- Alkaline: neutralises acid
- Alimentary canal
- Chemical digestion
- Large insoluble to small soluble
- Enzymes
- Can be absorbed
- Amylase
- Starch to sugars
- Salivary glands, pancreas
- Protease
- Protein to amino acids
- Stomach, pancreas
- Lipase
- Fats to fatty acids and glycerol
- Pancreas
- Starch in detail Supplement
- Amylase: maltose
- Maltase: glucose
- Protein in detail Supplement
- Pepsin: acid stomach
- Trypsin: alkaline intestine
- Large insoluble to small soluble
- Absorption
- Small intestine
- Nutrients absorbed
- Most water
- Colon
- Some water
- Villi and microvilli Supplement
- Increase surface area
- Villus structure Supplement
- One cell thick
- Capillaries
- Lacteal
- Capillaries and lacteals Supplement
- Capillaries: glucose, amino acids
- Lacteal: fatty acids, glycerol
- Small intestine