Transport in animals
- Circulatory systems
- Heart, vessels, valves
- one-way flow
- Fish: single circulation Supplement
- heart, gills, body
- once through heart
- Mammal: double circulation Supplement
- pulmonary circuit
- systemic circuit
- Advantages of double Supplement
- high pressure to body
- lower pressure in lungs
- Heart, vessels, valves
- The heart
- Structures
- atria, ventricles
- septum
- coronary arteries
- Valves Supplement
- atrioventricular
- semilunar
- Wall thickness Supplement
- left ventricle thickest
- atria thin
- Pumping action Supplement
- atria contract first
- ventricles contract
- valves prevent backflow
- Monitoring
- ECG
- pulse rate
- valve sounds
- Exercise
- heart rate rises
- returns to resting rate
- Coronary heart disease
- blocked coronary arteries
- risk factors
- diet and exercise
- Structures
- Blood vessels
- Artery
- thick wall
- narrow lumen
- high pressure
- Vein
- thin wall
- wide lumen
- valves
- Capillary
- one cell thick
- exchange
- large network
- Heart vessels
- vena cava, aorta
- pulmonary artery, vein
- Kidney vessels
- renal artery
- renal vein
- Liver vessels Supplement
- hepatic artery
- hepatic portal vein
- hepatic veins
- Artery
- Blood
- Components
- red cells
- white cells
- platelets
- plasma
- Red cells
- haemoglobin
- carry oxygen
- White cells
- phagocytosis
- antibodies
- Plasma transports
- ions, nutrients, urea
- hormones, carbon dioxide
- Clotting roles
- stops blood loss
- stops pathogens entering
- Clotting process Supplement
- fibrinogen to fibrin
- mesh traps cells
- Components