Sexual reproduction in humans — Cambridge IGCSE Combined Science

The parts of the male and female reproductive systems and their functions, and fertilisation as the fusion of sperm and egg nuclei.

Spec B14.2Reproduction, subtopic 2 of 3

Revision notes

2 short notes, in the order of the specification. Each one in short:

The male and female reproductive systems
The male reproductive system makes and delivers sperm: the testes make sperm, the sperm ducts carry them to the urethra, the prostate gland adds fluid to make semen, and the penis places sperm in the vagina. In the female system, the ovaries release eggs, the oviducts carry them to the uterus, and the fetus develops in the uterus.
Gametes and fertilisation
Fertilisation is the fusion of the nuclei of a sperm and an egg cell; sperm are adapted by a flagellum, mitochondria and enzymes, eggs by energy stores.

2 exam-style questions (7 marks), each with its mark scheme.

5 cards: flip them, mark what you knew, and practise the rest.

The whole of reproduction on one page, so you can see where this subtopic fits.

Free PDFs to print or save.

Which part of the male reproductive system carries sperm from the testes to the urethra?
Show answer
The sperm duct.
Name the part of the female system where the fetus develops.
Show answer
The uterus.
What happens at fertilisation?
Show answer
The nucleus of a sperm fuses with the nucleus of an egg cell.

Written and checked against the Cambridge IGCSE Combined Science (0653) specification · Updated October 2026